Application of electrical resistivity tomography for geotechnical assessment near the Vistula flood protection infrastructure
Aleksander Rajkowski¹ (orcid id: 0009-0000-5547-8237),
Łukasz Kaczmarek²* (orcid id: 0000-0001-5207-3816),
Yunteng Wang³ (orcid id: 0000-0003-3309-0447),
Aigerim Buranbayeva⁴ (orcid id: 0000-0001-7725-4293),
Paweł Popielski² (orcid id: 0000-0002-5425-5821),
Jiaxin Liu³ (orcid id: 0000-0002-8437-7424),
Wei Wu³ (orcid id: 0000-0002-0286-0720),
¹ Inżynieria Rzeszów S.A., Poland
² Warsaw University of Technology, Poland
³ Institut für Geotechnik, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, Austria
⁴ Shakarim University, Kazakhstan
Article (PDF)
Abstract:
We present an Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) survey conducted near Larsen sheet
pile walls along the Wał Zawadowski embankment in Wilanów, Warsaw. The survey profiles
are 120 m long and the depth of investigation differs depending on the applied measurement
protocol, reaching approximately 26 m for the gradient xl array and up to about 30 m for the
dipole-dipole array. By inverting the apparent resistivity data, we identified a three-layer subsurface
structure (sands; water-saturated sands with clay and silt; muds). The field-scale tests
show that the gradient protocol produced an RMS misfit below 5 %, whereas the dipole-dipole
protocol yielded a misfit of about 15 %, mainly due to noise from buried utilities. This work
allows direct comparison of the same geological profile under identical site conditions by
two types of geophysical measurements. We argue that such comparisons are rarely reported
for urban floodplain environments, yet they can provide valuable guidance for planning
ERT investigations where drilling and sounding access is limited and their locations must be
selected carefully. The presented approach supports and optimises decision-making processes
in the design, monitoring and maintenance of hydraulic and geotechnical structures.
Keywords:
electrical resistivity tomography, geotechnical investigation, flood protection, sheet pile
walls, sustainable infrastructure
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